A professional dental cleaning or « dental prophylaxis » is a procedure where the teeth are cleaned and the oral cavity is closely examined for possible periodontal disease. The animal will require a full physical examination and routine blood work , as this procedure must be done under general anaesthesia. We start the procedure by rinsing the mouth with an antiseptic solution (Nolvadent®) to reduce the number of bacteria present.

The first step is the supra-gingival cleaning : the visible portion of the tooth is cleaned. If there is presence of a large calculus, it will be removed with dental forceps . The majority of the plaque and tartar will then be removed with an ultrasonic scaler. The next step is the sub-gingival cleaning : this consists of cleaning the tooth below the gum line. This step is important as the presence of tartar and plaque below the gum line is responsible for periodontal disease. Once the teeth have been fully cleaned, they will be polished. Polishing will make the surface of the tooth smoother and will help delay the re-appearance of plaque on the surface .

The next step is a fluoride treatment. The benefits of this treatment are an anti-plaque effect, a decrease in the sensitivity of the tooth, an anti-bacterial effect, and the formation of a protective coating on the enamel, thereby diminishing the chances of developing cavities and periodontal disease.

Once the cleaning has been completed by the animal health technician, the veterinarian will proceed with the examination of the oral cavity. This complete exam will help detect the presence of a mass, abnormal swelling or fistulas. Each tooth is individually inspected : all cavities, excessive wearing, fracture or other pathologies will be noted and treatment will be carried out or planned as necessary. A dental record will be kept in the animal’s permanent file. This will allow the veterinarian to follow the progression (or regression) of the condition.

If a preventive dental health program is started and maintained after the cleaning, the animal will be able to maintain a clean and healthy oral cavity. The risk of infection to other vital organs in the body, such as the heart, liver or kidneys, will also be reduced. However, without regular care after the cleaning, plaque and tartar will often re-accumulate.